Which of the following best describes the approach taken by Froebel and Montessori regarding children's activities?

Froebel and Montessori are both advocates for the idea that children learn most effectively through play and exploration of their surroundings. This philosophy emphasizes the importance of hands-on experiences that allow children to engage with their environment meaningfully. Froebel introduced the concept of "play as a means of learning," establishing the idea that children achieve cognitive, social, and emotional development by manipulating materials and interacting with others. Montessori further developed this notion by providing children with structured environments where they can freely explore and choose activities that interest them, fostering independence and self-directed learning.

The focus on play and exploration recognizes that children are naturally curious and learn best when they are actively engaged in their learning experiences, rather than being passively directed by adult instruction. This approach not only supports cognitive development but also nurtures creativity, critical thinking, and problem-solving skills, which are essential components of comprehensive early childhood education.